Storing fuel in jerry cans is a common practice for people who rely on generators, off-road vehicles, or simply want to be prepared for emergencies. But many don’t realize that fuel doesn’t last forever. Knowing how long fuel remains usable, how to store it properly, and how to spot when it’s gone bad is essential for safety, performance, and environmental responsibility.
This article, written with hands-on knowledge from a tool expert’s perspective, covers everything you need to know about storing fuel in jerry cans—clear, practical, and based on real-world use.
Shelf Life of Fuel
Different fuels have different lifespans. The type of jerry can and storage conditions can also affect how long fuel lasts.
Petrol (Gasoline)
Unleaded petrol has a shelf life of 3 to 6 months in a standard jerry can without any additives. This is because gasoline starts to oxidize and lose combustibility when exposed to air.
With a fuel stabilizer, the life can extend up to 12 months or even 2 years under ideal storage conditions.
Diesel
Diesel generally lasts longer than petrol. Without any additives, diesel can remain stable for 6 to 12 months. With stabilizers and proper storage, this can be extended to 18 to 24 months.
However, diesel is prone to microbial growth when exposed to water or humidity, which can shorten its lifespan.
Shelf Life in Plastic vs. Metal Jerry Cans
Plastic Jerry Cans
Tend to be more affordable.
Can allow slight air permeability.
UV light can pass through over time unless the plastic is UV-resistant.
Fuel can degrade faster in heat or sunlight.
Metal Jerry Cans
More robust and durable.
Opaque and fully block light, reducing UV degradation.
Less air permeation if properly sealed.
Longer-lasting fuel storage, especially in cool, dry conditions.
Verdict: Metal jerry cans are generally better for long-term fuel storage, especially in outdoor or fluctuating conditions.
Factors Affecting Fuel Longevity
Several factors influence how long fuel stays usable. Poor storage can cut shelf life in half or worse.
1. Temperature
High temperatures speed up oxidation and evaporation. Store jerry cans in a cool, dry place, ideally below 20°C (68°F).
2. Exposure to Sunlight
UV rays can degrade fuel and soften plastic containers over time. Use opaque or UV-blocking containers, and keep them out of direct sunlight.
3. Air and Moisture
When fuel is exposed to oxygen, it starts breaking down. Water vapor can condense inside jerry cans, especially if there are temperature swings, leading to microbial growth—especially in diesel.
Always keep your jerry can tightly sealed and mostly full to minimize air space.
4. Fuel Stabilizers and Additives
These products help slow down oxidation and prevent degradation. Common stabilizers can keep fuel usable for up to 24 months. They’re especially useful for seasonal equipment or emergency reserves.
Use the right stabilizer for your fuel type and follow the label directions closely.
Proper Storage Guidelines
Good storage habits can mean the difference between reliable fuel and engine trouble.
1. Use High-Quality Jerry Cans
Choose jerry cans that meet UN/DOT/OSHA safety standards. Look for:
- Durable seals
- Leak-proof spouts
- Thick, UV-resistant plastic or powder-coated metal
- Built-in ventilation caps to reduce vapor buildup (without allowing air in)
2. Seal Tightly
After filling, make sure the cap is firmly closed. Double-check that there’s no fuel residue on the outside to reduce vapor emissions or fire risk.
3. Label Clearly
Always label containers with:
- Fuel type (e.g., Unleaded Petrol, Diesel)
- Date of filling
- Any additives used
This avoids confusion later and helps track expiration.
4. Store in a Safe Location
Keep fuel
In a well-ventilated, shaded area
Away from heat sources, flames, or electrical equipment
Off the ground on a metal rack or pallet to avoid moisture
In compliance with local regulations
Never store large quantities indoors or in living spaces.
Signs of Fuel Degradation
You shouldn’t rely on old fuel without checking it first. Here’s how to spot if fuel has gone bad:
1. Color Changes
Fresh petrol is usually clear or pale amber. Degraded fuel may look:
- Dark brown or rusty
- Cloudy or separated (especially diesel)
2. Strange Odor
Spoiled fuel often smells sour, musty, or like varnish.
3. Sediment or Gumming
If the fuel leaves behind sticky residue or visible particles, it’s a sign of oxidation or contamination.
Risks of Using Bad Fuel
Engine knocking
Reduced power or fuel efficiency
Clogged fuel filters or injectors
Hard starts or failure to start
Damage to carburetors, fuel pumps, or seals
When in doubt, dispose of questionable fuel properly instead of risking engine damage.
Safety Considerations
Fuel is flammable and potentially dangerous. Always prioritize safety during storage and handling.
1. Handling Precautions
Never smoke near fuel containers.
Always use funnels or no-spill spouts to pour fuel.
Avoid inhaling fumes.
Wear gloves and eye protection when transferring large quantities.
2. Storage Limits at Home
Most jurisdictions allow storing small amounts (typically up to 25 liters or 6.6 gallons) of petrol or diesel at home for personal use. Always check your local fire department or municipal code for legal limits.
3. In-Vehicle Storage
Keep fuel in approved containers and secure them in a ventilated area. Avoid prolonged storage in closed vehicles where heat can cause vapor buildup.
4. Emergency Preparedness
If storing fuel for generators or emergencies:
- Rotate your supply every 6–12 months.
- Use stabilizers.
Keep your generator fuel line clean to avoid clogs from degraded fuel.
Environmental Impact
Old fuel must be disposed of responsibly. Dumping it down drains or onto soil causes serious environmental harm.
1. Proper Disposal
Take expired or degraded fuel to:
- Local hazardous waste collection centers
- Auto repair shops that accept waste oil and fuel
- Recycling centers with fuel disposal programs
Never mix fuel types before disposal, and always transport it in approved containers.
2. Sustainability Tips
Only store the amount of fuel you’ll realistically use.
Use stabilizers to extend fuel life and reduce waste.
Rotate fuel stock by using the oldest first (“First In, First Out”).
Reuse jerry cans instead of discarding them—if they remain in good condition.
Conclusion
Fuel stored in a jerry can doesn’t last forever. Petrol typically lasts 3 to 6 months, and diesel up to 12 months—but with stabilizers and proper care, both can be extended up to 2 years.
Metal jerry cans are generally more durable and offer better long-term storage than plastic ones. Keep fuel cool, sealed, and in a dark, ventilated space. Watch for signs of degradation, like color changes or odd smells, and never use spoiled fuel in your engine.
Follow these tips, and your fuel will stay fresh and ready when you need it most.
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